GO:0021960

BP

anterior commissure morphogenesis

Generation of a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in one half of the cerebral cortex towards target cells in the contralateral half. This axonal process is a member of those that make up the anterior commissure, a small midline fiber tract that lies at the anterior end of the corpus callosum.

NFIB, FBXO45

GO:0021965

BP

spinal cord ventral commissure morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the spinal cord ventral commissure are generated and organized.

GLI2

GO:0021972

BP

corticospinal neuron axon guidance through spinal cord

The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a pyramidal cell that is part of the corticospinal tract is directed after decussation through the spinal cord in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.

SLIT2

GO:0021978

BP

telencephalon regionalization

The regionalization process that creates areas within the forebrain that will direct the behavior of cell migration in differentiation as the telencephalon develops.

BMP2, BMP4, LHX2

GO:0021983

BP

pituitary gland development

The progression of the pituitary gland over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands.

KDM1A, ALDH1A2, GLI2, BMP4, ETS1, CREB1, SRD5A1, BMPR1A, NKX2-1, NR0B1

GO:0021984

BP

adenohypophysis development

The progression of the adenohypophysis over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The adenohypophysis is the anterior part of the pituitary. It secretes a variety of hormones and its function is regulated by the hypothalamus.

GHRH, DRD2, HES1

GO:0021986

BP

habenula development

The progression of the habenula over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The habenula is the group of nuclei that makes up the stalk of the pineal gland.

NR4A2

GO:0021987

BP

cerebral cortex development

The progression of the cerebral cortex over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The cerebral cortex is the outer layered region of the telencephalon.

CCDC85C, FOXP2, WDR62, KDM1A, TACC1, LRP6, TACC2, COL3A1, TH, H2AFX, SRD5A1, CDH2, MDK, GART, LHX2, ASCL1, YWHAE, BAX, KIF14, NCOA1, NTRK2, HIF1A, ASPM, CEP120, MCPH1, BAD, BBS2, MKKS, PLCB1, NDE1, BTBD3, TACC3

GO:0021988

BP

olfactory lobe development

The progression of the olfactory lobe over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The olfactory lobe is the area of the brain that process the neural inputs for the sense of smell.

SEMA7A

GO:0021997

BP

neural plate axis specification

The pattern specification process in which the axes of the nervous system are established.

PTCH1

GO:0021998

BP

neural plate mediolateral regionalization

The process that regulates the coordinated growth and differentiation that establishes the non-random mediolateral spatial arrangement of the neural plate.

BMPR1A

GO:0022008

BP

neurogenesis

Generation of cells within the nervous system.

WDR62, ZNF217, CLN5, WNT2, ASCL1, EPHB1, GRIN2A, NOM1, CEP120, PCSK9, BHLHE22, RITA1, CHAC1, SALL3, PRDM6, KIF3A

GO:0022009

BP

central nervous system vasculogenesis

The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells during blood vessel development, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes in the central nervous system. The capillary endothelial cells in the brain are specialized to form the blood-brain barrier.

CTNNB1

GO:0022010

BP

central nervous system myelination

The process in which neuronal axons and dendrites become coated with a segmented lipid-rich sheath (myelin) to enable faster and more energetically efficient conduction of electrical impulses. The sheath is formed by the cell membranes of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system. Adjacent myelin segments are separated by a non-myelinated stretch of axon called a node of Ranvier.

ID4, PLP1, MYRF

GO:0022011

BP

myelination in peripheral nervous system

The process in which neuronal axons and dendrites become coated with a segmented lipid-rich sheath (myelin) to enable faster and more energetically efficient conduction of electrical impulses. The sheath is formed by the cell membranes of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. Adjacent myelin segments are separated by a non-myelinated stretch of axon called a node of Ranvier.

ARHGEF10, SKI, LAMA2, POU3F1, ILK, DAG1, SIRT2, PARD3

GO:0022018

BP

lateral ganglionic eminence cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of lateral ganglionic eminence cells, resulting in the expansion of the cell population.

GLI3

GO:0022027

BP

interkinetic nuclear migration

The movement of the nucleus of the ventricular zone cell between the apical and the basal zone surfaces. Mitosis occurs when the nucleus is near the apical surface, that is, the lumen of the ventricle.

HHEX, PCM1, HOOK3, CEP120, DOCK7

GO:0022028

BP

tangential migration from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb

The migration of cells in the telencephalon from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb in which cells move orthogonally to the direction of radial migration and do not use radial glial cell processes as substrates for migration.

OGDH

GO:0022029

BP

telencephalon cell migration

The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another at least one of which is located in the telencephalon.

CXCL12, TNR

GO:0022038

BP

corpus callosum development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the corpus callosum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The corpus callosum is a thick bundle of nerve fibers comprising a commissural plate connecting the two cerebral hemispheres. It consists of contralateral axon projections that provide communication between the right and left cerebral hemispheres.

EPHB2, CDK5

GO:0022400

BP

regulation of rhodopsin mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of rhodopsin-mediated signaling.

NMT2, GUCA1C, CNGA1, METAP2, CALM2, GUCY2D, GUCA1B

GO:0022406

BP

membrane docking

The initial attachment of a membrane or protein to a target membrane. Docking requires only that the proteins come close enough to interact and adhere.

CHP1

GO:0022407

BP

regulation of cell-cell adhesion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell.

EFNA5, ADAM8, MINK1

GO:0022408

BP

negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell adhesion to another cell.

SPINT2, JAK2, TGFB1, NF2, PTK2, MUC21, TNR

GO:0022409

BP

positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell adhesion to another cell.

SMAD7, ITGA6, CD47, CITED2

GO:0022414

BP

reproductive process

A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents.

ANTXR2

GO:0022417

BP

protein maturation by protein folding

The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure that results in the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein.

AIP, CALR, PRDX4, ERO1B, ERO1A

GO:0022601

BP

menstrual cycle phase

The progression of physiological phases, occurring in the endometrium during the menstrual cycle that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years. The menstrual cycle is an ovulation cycle where the endometrium is shed if pregnancy does not occur.

SFRP1

GO:0022602

BP

ovulation cycle process

A process involved in the sexual cycle seen in females, often with physiologic changes in the endometrium that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years.

MSTN, PAM, LHCGR, MAP2K6

GO:0022604

BP

regulation of cell morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell morphogenesis. Cell morphogenesis is the developmental process in which the shape of a cell is generated and organized.

ZMYM6, SPARC, CFL1, CAPZB, EFNA5, ZMYM3, QRICH1, CAMSAP1, STRIP1, LARP4, ARC, PDZD8, PHIP, FMNL2, AGO4, ZMYM2, ZRANB1

GO:0022605

BP

oogenesis stage

A reproductive process that is a step in the formation and maturation of an ovum or female gamete from a primordial female germ cell.

RPS6

GO:0022612

BP

gland morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a gland are generated and organized.

BCL2, FGFR2, PLAG1

GO:0022614

BP

membrane to membrane docking

The initial attachment of a membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the two membranes. Docking requires only that the membranes come close enough for the proteins to interact and adhere.

ICAM1, EZR, VCAM1

GO:0022615

BP

protein to membrane docking

The initial attachment of a protein to a target membrane, mediated by a proteins protruding from the target membrane. Docking requires only that the proteins come close enough to interact and adhere.

SNX3, RAB7A

GO:0022617

BP

extracellular matrix disassembly

A process that results in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix.

SH3PXD2B, WASH1, ADAM10, FLOT1, PLG, A2M, TIMP1, FN1, MMP1, PRSS1, DCN, CTSL, MMP2, MMP10, FURIN, SPP1, LAMC1, BMP1, LCP1, NID1, MMP9, TIMP2, CD44, KLK2, MMP8, MMP11, CTSS, FBN1, FBN2, BSG, CTSK, MMP14, MMP15, MMP16, ADAM8, HSPG2, LAMA3, CTRB2, HTRA1, BCAN, MMP19, ADAMTS5

GO:0022618

BP

ribonucleoprotein complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a ribonucleoprotein complex.

RPL38, SHQ1

GO:0022624

CC

proteasome accessory complex

A protein complex, that caps one or both ends of the proteasome core complex and regulates entry into, or exit from, the proteasome core complex.

PSMD11, PSMD12, PSMD3, PSMC3, PSMC2, PSMC4, PSMC1, PSMC6, PSMD2

GO:0022625

CC

cytosolic large ribosomal subunit

The large subunit of a ribosome located in the cytosol.

RPLP1, RPLP2, RPLP0, RPL35A, RPL7, RPL17, RPL13, RPL10, RPL12, RPL22, RPL4, RPL13A, RPL35, RPL27A, RPL5, RPL21, RPL28, RPL29, RPL34, RPL14, RPL26, RPL15, RPL27, RPL37A, RPL37, RPL7A, RPL23A, RPL30, RPL31, RPL10A, RPL32, RPL11, RPL41, RPL38, RPL24, RPL36A, RPL19, RPL18A, RPL18, RPL22L1, RPL36AL, RPL39L, RPL36

GO:0022626

CC

cytosolic ribosome

A ribosome located in the cytosol.

APOD, RPL13, REPIN1, MRPL4, EIF2AK4, PPARGC1A, NUFIP1

GO:0022627

CC

cytosolic small ribosomal subunit

The small subunit of a ribosome located in the cytosol.

DDX3X, RPS17, RPSA, RPS2, RPS4Y1, RPS27, RPS9, RPS5, RPS10, RPS20, RPS3A, RPS7, RPS8, RPS15A, RPS16, RPS14, RPS18, RPS13, RPS11, RPS6, RPS25, RPS26, RPS27A, RPS21, HBA1, RPS27L, MRPS18A

GO:0022839

MF

ion gated channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens in response to a specific ion stimulus.

ASIC2

GO:0022840

MF

leak channel activity

Enables the transport of a solute across a membrane via a narrow pore channel that is open even in an unstimulated or 'resting' state.

PANX1

GO:0022841

MF

potassium ion leak channel activity

Enables the transport of a potassium ion across a membrane via a narrow pore channel that is open even in an unstimulated or 'resting' state.

KCNK1, KCNK3, KCNK17, KCNK12, KCNK6

GO:0022843

MF

voltage-gated cation channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a voltage-gated channel. A cation is a positively charged ion. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.

PKD2

GO:0022848

MF

acetylcholine-gated cation channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when acetylcholine has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.

CHRNA7

GO:0022857

MF

transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other.

ATP5H, ATP5L, ATP5J, ATP5D, ATP5C1, ATP5O, ATP5E, ATP5I, SEC61A1, RALBP1, NDUFAF6, SLC18B1, SV2A, SV2B

GO:0022898

BP

regulation of transmembrane transporter activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transmembrane transporter activity.

INS, BCL2

GO:0022900

BP

electron transport chain

A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.

ETFDH

GO:0022904

BP

respiratory electron transport chain

A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.

SDHB, SDHA, ETFDH, NDUFAF2, MYBBP1A, PINK1, PPARGC1A

GO:0023014

BP

signal transduction by protein phosphorylation

A process in which the transfer of one or more phosphate groups to a substrate transmits a signal to the phosphorylated substrate.

MAP4K4, INSR, LYN, ACVR2A, BMPR1A, ACVR1B, TGFBR1, TGFBR2, NEK4, TGFB2, ACVR1, TYRO3, KCNH2, STK4, PAK2, ACVR2B, BMPR2, AMHR2, NEK1, PAK7, CAB39, STK24

GO:0023016

BP

signal transduction by trans-phosphorylation

A process in which the transfer of one or more phosphate groups by a kinase to a residue in a different protein molecule transmits a signal.

OSR1, WNK1

GO:0023019

BP

signal transduction involved in regulation of gene expression

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression as a consequence of a process in which a signal is released and/or conveyed from one location to another.

PARP1, EPCAM, SMAD3, SMAD2, SOX17

GO:0023021

BP

termination of signal transduction

The signaling process in which signal transduction is brought to an end rather than being reversibly modulated.

PRKCD

GO:0023024

MF

MHC class I protein complex binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the class I major histocompatibility complex.

KLRC1

GO:0023026

MF

MHC class II protein complex binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the class II major histocompatibility complex.

HLA-DRA, CD74, ATP1B1, HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1, HLA-DOB, PKM, HLA-DMB, ANXA11, CD81, YWHAE

GO:0023041

BP

neuronal signal transduction

The process in which an activated neuronal cell receptor conveys information down a signaling pathway, resulting in a change in the function or state of a cell. This process may be intracellular or intercellular.

KCNA1, NLGN1, OLFM1

GO:0023052

BP

signaling

The entirety of a process in which information is transmitted within a biological system. This process begins with an active signal and ends when a cellular response has been triggered.

CCL3, TOB2, DLGAP5, DLGAP4

GO:0030001

BP

metal ion transport

The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.

NDFIP1, ARMC1

GO:0030003

BP

cellular cation homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of cations at the level of a cell.

ATP13A2

GO:0030007

BP

cellular potassium ion homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of potassium ions at the level of a cell.

ATP1B1, ATP1A2, ATP12A, ATP1B3, KCNMA1, CAMK2D

GO:0030008

CC

TRAPP complex

A large complex that acts as a tethering factor involved in transporting vesicles from the ER through the Golgi to the plasma membrane. A TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex has a core set of proteins which are joined by specific subunits depending on the cellular component where a given TRAPP complex is active.

TRAPPC5, TRAPPC1

GO:0030010

BP

establishment of cell polarity

The specification and formation of anisotropic intracellular organization or cell growth patterns.

WEE1, NEK3, EPHB1, PKD1, PTK2, STK11, RICTOR, RAB11FIP2, SDCCAG8, WWC1, MARK4, JAM3, MARK1

GO:0030011

BP

maintenance of cell polarity

The maintenance of established anisotropic intracellular organization or cell growth patterns.

DST

GO:0030014

CC

CCR4-NOT complex

The evolutionarily conserved CCR4-NOT complex is involved in several aspects of mRNA metabolism, including repression and activation of mRNA initiation, control of mRNA elongation, and the deadenylation and subsequent degradation of mRNA. In Saccharomyces the CCR4-NOT complex comprises a core complex of 9 proteins (Ccr4p, Caf1p, Caf40p, Caf130p, Not1p, Not2p, Not3p, Not4p, and Not5p), Caf4p, Caf16p, and several less well characterized proteins.

CNOT1, CNOT3, CNOT4, ZFP36, CPEB3, CNOT7, CNOT6

GO:0030015

CC

CCR4-NOT core complex

The core of the CCR4-NOT complex. In Saccharomyces the CCR4-NOT core complex comprises Ccr4p, Caf1p, Caf40p, Caf130p, Not1p, Not2p, Not3p, Not4p, and Not5p.

CNOT1, CNOT3

GO:0030016

CC

myofibril

The contractile element of skeletal and cardiac muscle; a long, highly organized bundle of actin, myosin, and other proteins that contracts by a sliding filament mechanism.

CAPN3, TMOD1, LMOD1, ACTG1, MYBPC1, CALD1, TWF1, PDE4DIP, TWF2, MYH2, MYH4

GO:0030017

CC

sarcomere

The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs.

MMP2, TPM1, TNNI3, TMOD1, LMOD1, CAPZB, CALM2, ACTC1, ARF1, ILK, ANKRD1, HABP4, MYH2, MYH4

GO:0030018

CC

Z disc

Platelike region of a muscle sarcomere to which the plus ends of actin filaments are attached.

BIN1, FBP2, PPP1R12A, ACTN4, PPP1R12B, LDB3, OBSL1, DNAJB6, FLNB, NEBL, SORBS2, BMP10, CRYAB, HSPB1, KRT8, KRT19, DMD, ACTN1, JUP, DES, CAPN3, ATP2B4, MYL9, SRI, CTNNB1, ADRA1A, ACTN2, PSEN2, HDAC4, ANK2, DST, PPP3CA, NEXN, ANK3, CACNA1C, FLNC, PPP2R5A, RYR3, HOMER1, FBXO22, PALLD, SYNE2, TTN, RYR2, FBXO32, SYNC, MYOZ1, PARVA, MYOT, SYNPO2, STUB1

GO:0030020

MF

extracellular matrix structural constituent conferring tensile strength

A constituent of the extracellular matrix that enables the matrix to resist longitudinal stress.

COL11A2, COL9A1, COL12A1

GO:0030023

MF

extracellular matrix constituent conferring elasticity

A component of the extracellular matrix that enables the matrix to recoil after transient stretching.

FBN1, FBN2, EMILIN2

GO:0030027

CC

lamellipodium

A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments.

MYO1G, HAX1, APBB1, WASL, ABLIM1, ITGB1BP1, ARPC3, CTNND1, FLOT1, PLEKHG5, SORBS2, ABLIM3, ITGB1, RAC2, CDH2, KITLG, NME2, APC, CTNNA2, DPP4, PTPRM, CORO1A, STX2, CTNNA1, CTNNB1, NF2, RDX, PIK3CA, VAMP7, RAC3, ACTR3, RHOA, ACTA2, RAC1, ACTG2, ACTC1, CDK5, PTK2, STX4, STX3, ILK, PKD2, DGKZ, IQGAP2, SNX1, DAG1, ARHGEF7, DPYSL3, CTTN, NEDD9, FAT1, SLC39A14, MYLK, ITSN1, PKN2, FSCN1, PTPRO, ARHGAP31, CCDC88A, AMOT, LRRC16A, TWF2, NHS, FGD6, RAPH1, RUFY3, CYFIP1, FGD2, ARPIN, PDPN, PLEKHH2, AMOTL1, PHACTR4, SCYL3, ABI1, ENAH, ARAP3, PALLD, APBB2, AJUBA, FGD4, SPATA13, ALS2, RAB3IP, CIB1, CORO1B, SH3BGRL3, TRPV4, MYO10, ABI2, EVL, CORO1C, PLXND1, WASF2

GO:0030029

BP

actin filament-based process

Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the actin cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.

SELE

GO:0030030

BP

cell projection organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon.

NPHP1, CEP152, AKT1, CUL3, TWF2, POC1A, PIFO, MARK4, DNAH9, WRAP73, DCDC2

GO:0030031

BP

cell projection assembly

Formation of a prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon.

PDGFA, NEFH, RAC2, RAC3

GO:0030032

BP

lamellipodium assembly

Formation of a lamellipodium, a thin sheetlike extension of the surface of a migrating cell.

RHOD, ABLIM1, ABLIM3, KIT, S1PR1, CDH13, RAC1, ARHGEF7, PTPRO, CCDC88A, LRRC16A, CYFIP1, AJUBA, SPATA13, NUP85, ARHGEF4, SH2B1, VAV3, WASF2

GO:0030033

BP

microvillus assembly

Formation of a microvillus, a thin cylindrical membrane-covered projection on the surface of a cell.

RAP2A, EZR, RDX, RAPGEF6, TNIK

GO:0030035

BP

microspike assembly

Formation of a microspike, a dynamic, actin-rich projection extending from the surface of a migrating animal cell.

MTSS1, ACTN2, FSCN1

GO:0030036

BP

actin cytoskeleton organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.

SDCBP, NPHP1, MTSS1, PIP5K1C, DNAJB6, FLNB, ABLIM3, KRAS, PDGFA, PFN1, CXCL1, TMSB15A, BCR, TNXB, CFL1, ITPKA, CORO1A, NF2, BCL6, ABL2, CAPZB, ATXN3, RAC3, CDC42, RHOA, TMSB4X, RAC1, DYNLL1, TMSB10, ARHGEF5, ABR, TRIP10, FSCN1, AMOT, IQSEC1, FGD6, SSH2, RHOU, FGD2, GAS2L3, PHACTR4, PALLD, ELMO1, DOCK2, CORO2A, FGD4, DLC1, CORO1B, INPP5K, RHOJ, PDLIM7, DIAPH3, SDAD1, PLEK2, TAOK2, CORO1C, ARHGAP26, NISCH, DAAM1, WASF2

GO:0030037

BP

actin filament reorganization involved in cell cycle

The cell cycle process in which rearrangement of the spatial distribution of actin filaments and associated proteins occurs.

ARAP1

GO:0030041

BP

actin filament polymerization

Assembly of actin filaments by the addition of actin monomers to a filament.

ARHGAP6, JAK2, COBL, ANG, HCLS1, ARPC4, RAC1, CTTN, COBLL1, TTC17

GO:0030042

BP

actin filament depolymerization

Disassembly of actin filaments by the removal of actin monomers from a filament.

MICAL2, CFL1, DSTN, MICAL1

GO:0030047

BP

actin modification

Covalent modification of an actin molecule.

TRIOBP

GO:0030048

BP

actin filament-based movement

Movement of organelles or other particles along actin filaments, or sliding of actin filaments past each other, mediated by motor proteins.

WIPF3, MYH9, ACTC1, MYO1E, MYO9B, MYO6, MYO5A, MYH4, WASF2

GO:0030049

BP

muscle filament sliding

The sliding of actin thin filaments and myosin thick filaments past each other in muscle contraction. This involves a process of interaction of myosin located on a thick filament with actin located on a thin filament. During this process ATP is split and forces are generated.

TPM3, TPM2, VIM, TPM1, DMD, MYL4, TNNT1, MYL6B, DES, TNNI3, TMOD1, ACTN2, MYL6, TPM4, ACTC1, MYBPC1, TTN, MYH2, MYH4

GO:0030050

BP

vesicle transport along actin filament

Movement of a vesicle along an actin filament, mediated by motor proteins.

WASL, ACTN4, FNBP1L, MYRIP, MLPH, MYO5A

GO:0030054

CC

cell junction

A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.

SH3PXD2B, KCNK1, FBP2, DLGAP1, TOR1A, RGS12, FYB, SCAMP1, MUSK, SYNGR3, LZTS3, SRPX2, GABBR2, CLSTN1, UNC5C, SNAPIN, ADA, CHRM2, C4A, C4B, FBXO45, CHRNB1, BCR, ITGB4, PECAM1, SYN1, GAP43, CHRM3, SYT1, OSBP, CBLN1, MPST, CHRNA5, GABRA5, CDH5, CTNNA1, CTNNB1, GTF2F1, CHRNA7, SNCA, HTR2B, NAMPT, MAP1B, GRIA4, GLRB, NRIP1, PSEN1, PLXNA3, VAMP7, GTF2A2, ATN1, EPHA4, CTBP2, SNAP25, CXCR4, RHOA, NCS1, RAP1A, VAMP2, CXADR, DLG4, CDK5, CDK16, ICA1, FMR1, TJP1, KCNA1, SMAGP, ARHGEF5, GRIN2A, EPS8, DLG1, ILK, SNTA1, XRCC4, SSPN, ITSN1, VAMP3, RAB11B, PKN2, OCLN, C11orf73, SDK2, STXBP5, ARHGAP21, FAAP20, SARM1, CBLN3, NSMF, DSTYK, DNMBP, RUFY3, SV2B, ARC, RASGRP2, SDK1, CAMK2N1, LRRTM4, HOMER1, DCP2, ZDHHC17, SMC5, AMOTL1, NLGN4X, NLGN1, MINK1, ENAH, ATAD1, TRPV1, TMEM163, DMXL2, UTP15, DENND1A, PARD3, PPP1R13L, CACNG8, SYN2, KCTD12, CYFIP2, PERP, C8orf37, MAGI1, NEU1, GPER1, PKP4, P2RX4, SIGMAR1, OLFM1, PRRT1, PKP2, TMEM47, FERMT1, SYT11, PACSIN1, CDHR2, TRIM9, MFF, RIMS4, GOPC, PARD6A, NRN1, GPHN, DUOX2, HOMER3, CBLN4, DCAF13, GID8, DACT1, PSD3, CRIPT, GABBR1, BIN2, TJP2, TES, PUF60, NRXN1, SAMD4A, IGSF9B, RIMS2, COLQ, LZTS1, FARP1, DTNA, F11R, MRPS18B, ARFGEF2, PCLO

GO:0030055

CC

cell-substrate junction

A cell junction that forms a connection between a cell and the extracellular matrix.

DMD

GO:0030056

CC

hemidesmosome

A cell-substrate junction (attachment structure) found in epithelial cells that links intermediate filaments to extracellular matrices via transmembrane complexes. In vertebrates, hemidesmosomes mediate contact between the basal side of epithelial cells and the basal lamina. In C. elegans, hemidesmosomes connect epithelial cells to distinct extracellular matrices on both the apical and basal cell surfaces.

ITGB4, ITGA6, DST, COL17A1

GO:0030057

CC

desmosome

A cell-cell junction in which: on the cytoplasmic surface of each interacting plasma membrane is a dense plaque composed of a mixture of intracellular anchor proteins; a bundle of keratin intermediate filaments is attached to the surface of each plaque; transmembrane adhesion proteins of the cadherin family bind to the plaques and interact through their extracellular domains to hold the adjacent membranes together by a Ca2+-dependent mechanism.

PPL, JUP, B4GALT1, DSP, UBA1, DSC2, DSG2, KAZN, PERP, PKP4, PKP2, JAM3, PNN, PKP3

GO:0030060

MF

L-malate dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + NAD+ = oxaloacetate + NADH + H+.

MDH1, MDH2, MDH1B

GO:0030061

CC

mitochondrial crista

Any of the inward folds of the mitochondrial inner membrane. Their number, extent, and shape differ in mitochondria from different tissues and organisms. They appear to be devices for increasing the surface area of the mitochondrial inner membrane, where the enzymes of electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation are found. Their shape can vary with the respiratory state of the mitochondria.

OPA1, LYN, HSPD1, STAR

GO:0030070

BP

insulin processing

The formation of mature insulin by proteolysis of the precursor preproinsulin. The signal sequence is first cleaved from preproinsulin to form proinsulin; proinsulin is then cleaved to release the C peptide, leaving the A and B chains of mature insulin linked by disulfide bridges.

CPE, ERO1B

GO:0030071

BP

regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cell cycle process in which a cell progresses from metaphase to anaphase during mitosis, triggered by the activation of the anaphase promoting complex by Cdc20/Sleepy homolog which results in the degradation of Securin.

UBE2C, PLK1, CENPE, CDC6, NEK6, CDC23, ANAPC4, ANAPC10

GO:0030072

BP

peptide hormone secretion

The regulated release of a peptide hormone from a cell.

EDN1

GO:0030073

BP

insulin secretion

The regulated release of proinsulin from secretory granules (B granules) in the B cells of the pancreas; accompanied by cleavage of proinsulin to form mature insulin.

ANXA1, IL1RN, GAL, MC4R, LEP, ACVR2B, SMAD2, ILDR2, SLC30A8, RAPGEF4, SNX19, RIMS2, MYO5A, PCLO

GO:0030091

BP

protein repair

The process of restoring a protein to its original state after damage by such things as oxidation or spontaneous decomposition of residues.

TXN, PCMT1, MSRB3

GO:0030097

BP

hemopoiesis

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the myeloid and lymphoid derived organ/tissue systems of the blood and other parts of the body over time, from formation to the mature structure. The site of hemopoiesis is variable during development, but occurs primarily in bone marrow or kidney in many adult vertebrates.

CSF1R, KIT, TAL1, IL10, ZFP36L2, BRCA2, TGFB2, JAG1, RUNX1, NOTCH2, CD164, ZBTB16, PICALM, CUL4A, RUNX3, RUNX2, CDK13, MELK, EBP, ANGPT1, IFI16, RTKN2, FLCN, MKNK2, ZNF160, ASH2L, L3MBTL1

GO:0030098

BP

lymphocyte differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized precursor cell acquires specialized features of a lymphocyte. A lymphocyte is a leukocyte commonly found in the blood and lymph that has the characteristics of a large nucleus, a neutral staining cytoplasm, and prominent heterochromatin.

IKZF1, CBFB

GO:0030099

BP

myeloid cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of any cell of the myeloid leukocyte, megakaryocyte, thrombocyte, or erythrocyte lineages.

BCL6, CDKN1C, PRKX, TIRAP, ZBTB16, CBFB, IFI16, KAT6A

GO:0030100

BP

regulation of endocytosis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endocytosis.

BIN1, RAB5A, ABL2, TSC2, RAB5C, AP2S1, CDH13, RAB4B, RAB5B, PICALM, ZFYVE16, PACSIN1, EHD4, SNX12, STON1