| GO ID | Ontology | GO Term | Term Definition |
Proteins |
GO:0001055 | MF | RNA polymerase II activity | Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template that contains an RNA polymerase II specific promoter to direct initiation and catalyses DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'. |
POLR2E, POLR2A, POLR2B, POLR2J, POLR2K, POLR2L, POLR2J2 |
GO:0001056 | MF | RNA polymerase III activity | Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template that contains an RNA polymerase III specific promoter to direct initiation and catalyses DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'. |
POLR1C, POLR3G, CRCP, POLR2E, POLR2K, POLR2L, POLR3GL, POLR3C, POLR3F, POLR3B, POLR1D, POLR3K |
GO:0001069 | MF | regulatory region RNA binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a RNA region that regulates a nucleic acid-based process. Such processes include transcription, DNA replication, and DNA repair. |
MBNL1 |
GO:0001071 | MF | nucleic acid binding transcription factor activity | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a DNA or RNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex. |
SOX4 |
GO:0001075 | MF | transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific binding involved in preinitiation complex assembly | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in an RNA polymerase II (Pol II) core promoter, the region composed of the transcription start site and binding sites for transcription factors of the Pol II basal transcription machinery, in order to promote assembly of the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC), the formation of which is a prerequisite for transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
TAF9B, DACH1 |
GO:0001076 | MF | transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription factor, which may be a single protein or a complex, in order to modulate transcription. A protein binding transcription factor may or may not also interact with the template nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA) as well. |
ATF4, GATA4, YAP1, LHX2, SMAD4, HIF1A |
GO:0001077 | MF | transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in cis with and relatively close to a core promoter for RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) in order to activate or increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from the RNAP II promoter. |
MEIS1, NR5A2, NFIB, PLSCR1, SOX12, KLF4, TCF21, MITF, NFAT5, FOS, MYC, ESR1, NR3C1, JUN, PGR, NFIC, GLI2, GLI3, MYBL1, MYBL2, AR, IRF1, EGR2, ESRRA, FOSL1, TCF4, CREB1, JUNB, CEBPB, EGR1, ATF4, ELK1, WT1, HNF1A, NR4A1, MZF1, HOXA10, OTX2, DDIT3, SREBF1, PBX1, STAT3, ELK3, NR4A2, SOX9, CEBPD, MEOX1, ETV1, STAT5B, HMGA2, FOSB, CEBPG, NR1H2, DLX5, FOXL2, YBX1, ELF3, TFAM, MEF2A, CEBPZ, RELA, MEF2C, GABPA, PAX8, SOX4, PPARA, NFATC2, SMAD4, RUNX2, NFYC, MEF2D, MTF1, SMAD2, SMAD1, ZIC1, HLF, HIF1A, PLAG1, AKNA, CTCFL, NR4A3, CREB3L1, NR1H4, TCF12, MEIS3, PITX2, EPAS1, NUCKS1, EBF2, PATZ1, HEYL, EHF, GRHL1, ZNF639, KLF15, KLF13, MAFB, CAMTA1 |
GO:0001078 | MF | transcriptional repressor activity, RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in cis with and relatively close to a core promoter for RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) in order to stop, prevent, or reduce the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
E2F8, BHLHE40, BACH1, FOXP2, HOXA2, SNAI2, TCF21, ZNF217, ZBTB7A, ESRRA, SKI, SKIL, ETS2, TCF3, GCFC2, ATF3, NR1D1, YY1, MZF1, ASCL1, HMGA2, BTG2, HSF1, INSM1, SP3, HHEX, RELA, MXD1, PPARA, SREBF2, FOXO1, NFATC2, HES1, NFATC4, NFIL3, IFI16, NFXL1, TSHZ1, ZFPM2, JDP2, PROX1, CREBBP, BCL11A, ZBTB20, TSHZ2, DACH1, ZNF148, NFE2L3 |
GO:0001080 | BP | nitrogen catabolite activation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter | A transcription regulation process in which the presence of one nitrogen source leads to an increase in the frequency, rate, or extent of transcription, from an RNA polymerase II promoter, of specific genes involved in the metabolism of other nitrogen sources. |
NR1H4 |
GO:0001085 | MF | RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription by RNA polymerase II. |
WWP2, KLF4, KDM1A, NFATC1, TP53, AR, HCLS1, TAL1, XBP1, ATF4, ELK1, CTNNB1, GATA4, ID4, GSK3B, MEF2A, SMAD4, HDAC1, ANKRD1, MTDH, ZFPM2, CREBBP, GATA6, SPEN, TEAD3, DACT1, TRPS1 |
GO:0001087 | MF | transcription factor activity, TFIIB-class binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a basal RNA polymerase II transcription factor of the TFIIB class in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with DNA as well. |
TCF4 |
GO:0001093 | MF | TFIIB-class transcription factor binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a basal RNA polymerase II transcription factor of the TFIIB class, one of the factors involved in formation of the preinitiation complex (PIC) by RNA polymerase II and defined as a basal or general transcription factor. |
TCF4 |
GO:0001094 | MF | TFIID-class transcription factor binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a basal RNA polymerase II transcription factor of the TFIID class, one of the factors involved in formation of the preinitiation complex (PIC) by RNA polymerase II and defined as a basal or general transcription factor. |
ERCC1, ERCC4 |
GO:0001099 | MF | basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the basal transcription machinery for RNA polymerase II which is composed of the RNA polymerase II core enzyme, a multisubunit eukaryotic nuclear RNA polymerase typically composed of twelve subunits, and the basal RNA polymerase II transcription factors, the minimal set of factors required for formation of the preinitiation complex (PIC) by the RNA polymerase. |
LLPH |
GO:0001100 | BP | negative regulation of exit from mitosis | Any process involved in the inhibition of progression from anaphase/telophase (high mitotic CDK activity) to G1 (low mitotic CDK activity). |
RGCC |
GO:0001102 | MF | RNA polymerase II activating transcription factor binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription activating factor, a protein involved in positive regulation of transcription. |
BHLHE40, NCOR1, JUN, RB1, EGR2, CREB1, LMO2, CTNNB1, IFI27, SMAD3, EXOSC9, EP300, CREBBP, PITX2, DUSP26, HIPK2, BEX1 |
GO:0001103 | MF | RNA polymerase II repressing transcription factor binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription repressing factor, a protein involved in negative regulation of transcription. |
STAT3, GTF2A2, PPARA, MTA1, HDAC1, CHD4, BBS7, BBS1, BBS10, TTC8, HDAC2, GATA6, BBS2, MKKS, TCF7L2 |
GO:0001104 | MF | RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor activity | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) regulatory transcription factor and also with the RNAP II basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal RNAP II transcription machinery. |
MED19, MED7, MED14, MED21, TDG, PPARGC1B, MED12, MED30, MED15, MED20, MED4, MED17, MED9, PPARGC1A, THRAP3 |
GO:0001105 | MF | RNA polymerase II transcription coactivator activity | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) regulatory transcription factor and also with the RNAP II basal transcription machinery in order to increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal RNAP II transcription machinery. |
SOX12, SMARCA2, SMARCA4, MEF2A, POU3F1, SOX4, HYAL2, TRIM28, ANKRD1, NCOA1, JADE1, ZFPM2, CREBBP, MED12, WBP2, CITED4, PITX2, CITED1, CITED2, HIPK2, RERE, MKL2 |
GO:0001106 | MF | RNA polymerase II transcription corepressor activity | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II repressing transcription factor and also with the RNA polymerase II basal transcription machinery in order to stop, prevent, or reduce the frequency, rate or extent of transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between repressive transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery. |
SIN3B, URI1, HDGF, TLE1, HDAC1, N4BP2L2, PHF12, CITED2, HEYL, RERE, UXT, ZNF451 |
GO:0001128 | MF | RNA polymerase II transcription coactivator activity involved in preinitiation complex assembly | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) regulatory transcription factor and also with the RNAP II basal transcription machinery in order to increase the frequency, rate or stability of the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on RNA polymerase II promoter DNA to form the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC). Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal RNAP II transcription machinery. |
MED6 |
GO:0001133 | MF | RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific transcription regulatory region DNA binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific sequence of DNA that is part of a regulatory region that controls transcription of that section of the DNA by RNA polymerase II and recruiting another transcription factor to the DNA in order to modulate transcription by RNAP II. |
NR1H2 |
GO:0001135 | MF | transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II transcription factor recruiting | The function of binding to an RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) transcription factor and recruiting it to the transcription machinery complex in order to modulate transcription by RNAP II. |
MYBL1, MYBL2, LIF, CDC5L |
GO:0001147 | MF | transcription termination site sequence-specific DNA binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that promotes termination by RNA polymerase. The transcribed region might be described as a gene, cistron, or operon. |
SETX |
GO:0001158 | MF | enhancer sequence-specific DNA binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific sequence of DNA that is part of an enhancer, a transcription regulatory region that is somewhat distal from the core promoter and which enhances transcription from that promoter. |
XBP1, YY1, HMGB2, GATA4, SOX9, LMO4, ZNF395 |
GO:0001161 | MF | intronic transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an intronic DNA sequence that regulates the transcription of the transcript it is contained within. |
BCL6, NKX2-1 |
GO:0001162 | MF | RNA polymerase II intronic transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II intronic DNA sequence that regulates the transcription of the transcript it is contained within. |
HSF1, NCOA2, ZNF350, SMYD3 |
GO:0001164 | MF | RNA polymerase I CORE element sequence-specific DNA binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the regulatory region composed of the transcription start site and binding sites for transcription factors of the RNA polymerase I transcription machinery. This site is often referred to as the CORE element. In mammalian cells, the CORE element functions in conjunction with the Upstream Control Element (UCE), while in fungi, protozoa, and plants, the CORE element functions without a UCE. |
UBTF, SMARCA4, TAF1C, TAF1B, RRN3 |
GO:0001165 | MF | RNA polymerase I upstream control element sequence-specific DNA binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the upstream control element (UCE, or alternately referred to as the upstream element), a sequence of DNA that is in cis with and relatively close to a core promoter for RNA polymerase I. |
UBTF |
GO:0001172 | BP | transcription, RNA-templated | The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of RNA. |
POLR2A |
GO:0001179 | MF | RNA polymerase I transcription factor binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase I transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription by RNA polymerase I. |
POLR1E |
GO:0001187 | MF | transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase I CORE element binding transcription factor recruiting | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the CORE element, a regulatory region composed of the transcription start site and binding sites for transcription factors of the RNA polymerase I transcription machinery and also binding to an RNA polymerase I (RNAP I) transcription factor to recruit it to the transcription machinery complex in order to modulate transcription by RNA polymerase I. |
TAF1B |
GO:0001189 | BP | RNA polymerase I transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly at the promoter for the nuclear large rRNA transcript | The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on CORE promoter element DNA of the nuclear large ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript to form a transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC), the formation of which is a prerequisite for transcription from the large rRNA promoter, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of the large rRNA transcript. |
TAF1B, POLR1E |
GO:0001190 | MF | transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription factor, which may be a single protein or a complex, in order to increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. A protein binding transcription factor may or may not also interact with the template nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA) as well. |
WWP2, KLF4, JUN, CREB1, LMO2, NOTCH1, PPARA, NFE2L1, NR1H4 |
GO:0001191 | MF | transcriptional repressor activity, RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription factor, which may be a single protein or a complex, in order to stop, prevent, or reduce the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. A protein binding transcription factor may or may not also interact with the template nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA) as well. |
AHRR, BHLHE40, MINA, CREBBP, SPEN |
GO:0001193 | BP | maintenance of transcriptional fidelity during DNA-templated transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter | Suppression of the occurrence of transcriptional errors, such as substitutions and/or insertions of nucleotides that do not correctly match the template base, during the process of transcription elongation from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
POLR2I |
GO:0001205 | MF | transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in a distal enhancer region for RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) in order to activate or increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from the RNAP II promoter. |
BACH1, NFATC1, HOXB5, HMGA1, NFKB1, SUB1, RELA, REL, MEF2C, TARDBP, NFE2L1 |
GO:0001206 | MF | transcriptional repressor activity, RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in a distal enhancer region for RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) in order to stop, prevent, or reduce the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
BACH1, PAX4, HIVEP1, ZBTB16, BACH2 |
GO:0001221 | MF | transcription cofactor binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription cofactor, any protein involved in regulation of transcription via protein-protein interactions with transcription factors and other transcription regulatory proteins. Cofactors do not bind DNA directly, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery. |
KLF4, FOXO3 |
GO:0001222 | MF | transcription corepressor binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription corepressor, any protein involved in negative regulation of transcription via protein-protein interactions with transcription factors and other proteins that negatively regulate transcription. Transcription corepressors do not bind DNA directly, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between repressing transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery. |
NR1D1, RORA, HDGF, PHF12, CDC5L |
GO:0001223 | MF | transcription coactivator binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription coactivator, any protein involved in positive regulation of transcription via protein-protein interactions with transcription factors and other proteins that positively regulate transcription. Transcription coactivators do not bind DNA directly, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery. |
CCNT2, RORA, TFAM, PPARA, FOXO1, NR4A3 |
GO:0001225 | MF | RNA polymerase II transcription coactivator binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription coactivator, any protein involved in positive regulation of transcription of RNA polymerase II via protein-protein interactions with transcription factors and other proteins that positively regulate transcription. Transcription coactivators do not bind DNA directly, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery of RNA polymerase II. |
NFATC1 |
GO:0001227 | MF | transcriptional repressor activity, RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in the regulatory region for RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) in order to stop, prevent, or reduce the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
FOXO3, ZEB2, MITF, NFKB1, ZEB1, BCL6, SATB1, POU5F1, PPARD, ARID5B, NFATC4, ZNF280D, ZNF280B, AEBP1, HES6, PURB, MNT, ZNF350, ZBTB4, MLX |
GO:0001228 | MF | transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in the transcription regulatory region for RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) in order to activate or increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from the RNAP II promoter. |
MAFG, FOXO3, RAD21, MAF, TP53, ATF1, ATF3, LMO2, RXRB, STAT3, ETV5, GATA4, RUNX1, GABPA, DLX2, EP300, FOXC1, HIF1A, CSRNP3, GATA6, CSRNP1, ARID3A, CSRNP2, SOX17, TRPS1, ELF5, MAFF, PLAGL1, MAFB |
GO:0001300 | BP | chronological cell aging | The process associated with progression of the cell from its inception to the end of its lifespan that occurs when the cell is in a non-dividing, or quiescent, state. |
SERPINE1 |
GO:0001302 | BP | replicative cell aging | The process associated with progression of the cell from its inception to the end of its lifespan that occurs as the cell continues cycles of growth and division. |
ERCC1, ROMO1 |
GO:0001315 | BP | age-dependent response to reactive oxygen species | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of reactive oxygen species, where the change varies according to the age of the cell or organism. |
SOD2 |
GO:0001401 | CC | mitochondrial sorting and assembly machinery complex | A large complex of the mitochondrial outer membrane that mediates sorting of some imported proteins to the outer membrane and their assembly in the membrane; functions after import of incoming proteins by the mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex. |
SAMM50 |
GO:0001405 | CC | presequence translocase-associated import motor | Protein complex located on the matrix side of the mitochondrial inner membrane and associated with the presequence translocase complex; hydrolyzes ATP to provide the force to drive import of proteins into the mitochondrial matrix. |
GRPEL1, PAM16 |
GO:0001501 | BP | skeletal system development | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeleton over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton). |
SH3PXD2B, TNFRSF11B, NCAN, SHOX2, USP1, PAPSS2, GDF11, PTH, IGF2, COL1A1, COL3A1, AHSG, BGLAP, IGF1, INHA, ALPL, COL5A2, COL1A2, TRAPPC2, GLI2, HAPLN1, FGFR1, VDR, PTHLH, BMP2, BMP3, BMP1, VCAN, COL11A2, MMP9, ETS2, NPR3, BMP6, IGFBP4, GNA11, HOXA10, BMP8B, FBN1, GJA5, TGFBR1, SOX9, COMP, CDKN1C, GNAQ, CDH11, DLX5, HDAC4, EVC, TGFB2, RPL38, COL10A1, PRDX1, SOX4, AES, FOXC1, SPP2, KLF10, TCOF1, POSTN, EBP, TEAD4, EXT1, AEBP1, UFD1L, ACD, BCAN, COL12A1, ANKH, DSPP, CHD7, TRPS1, SUFU, HSPB11 |
GO:0001502 | BP | cartilage condensation | The condensation of mesenchymal cells that have been committed to differentiate into chondrocytes. |
MYCN, MGP, THRA, COL11A1, BMP1, CTGF, SOX9, TGFB2, PKD1, MAPK14 |
GO:0001503 | BP | ossification | The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance. |
TNFSF11, EGFR, IGF2, AHSG, CLEC3B, COL5A2, MGP, SPARC, BCL2, THRA, COL11A1, IFITM1, BMP1, MMP9, ALOX15, NPR2, CTGF, BMP8B, SOX9, SLC26A2, STC1, CDH11, RPL38, GPLD1, RUNX1, SP3, FOXC1, GPM6B, RUNX3, RUNX2, TWIST1, EXT1, BMP8A, PPARGC1B, EXT2, KAZALD1, SOST, DHX36, PDLIM7, DSPP, MINPP1, PAM16, TNFRSF11A |
GO:0001504 | BP | neurotransmitter uptake | The directed movement of neurotransmitters into neurons or glial cells. This process leads to inactivation and recycling of neurotransmitters. |
SLC1A3, ATP1A2, SNAP25, SV2A, SV2B, SLC38A1 |
GO:0001507 | BP | acetylcholine catabolic process in synaptic cleft | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetylcholine that occurs in the synaptic cleft during synaptic transmission. |
COLQ |
GO:0001508 | BP | action potential | A process in which membrane potential cycles through a depolarizing spike, triggered in response to depolarization above some threshold, followed by repolarization. This cycle is driven by the flow of ions through various voltage gated channels with different thresholds and ion specificities. |
GNA11, SRI, GNAQ, AKAP6, CLN3 |
GO:0001510 | BP | RNA methylation | Posttranscriptional addition of a methyl group to either a nucleotide or 2'-O ribose in a polyribonucleotide. Usually uses S-adenosylmethionine as a cofactor. |
BCDIN3D |
GO:0001514 | BP | selenocysteine incorporation | The incorporation of selenocysteine into a peptide; uses a special tRNA that recognizes the UGA codon as selenocysteine, rather than as a termination codon. Selenocysteine is synthesized from serine before its incorporation; it is not a posttranslational modification of peptidyl-cysteine. |
SELT, DIO2, SECISBP2L, SECISBP2, SEPSECS, TRNAU1AP |
GO:0001515 | MF | opioid peptide activity | Naturally occurring peptide that is an opioid (any non-alkaloid having an opiate-like effect that can be reversed by naloxone or other recognized morphine antagonist). These include Leu- and Met-enkephalin, dynorphin and neoendorphin, alpha, beta, gamma and delta endorphins formed from beta-lipotropin, various pronase-resistant peptides such as beta casamorphin, and other peptides whose opiate-like action seems to be indirect. |
PENK |
GO:0001516 | BP | prostaglandin biosynthetic process | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prostaglandins, any of a group of biologically active metabolites which contain a cyclopentane ring. |
PTGES, CD74, EDN1, MIF, EDN2, PTGS1, PTGS2, PTGDS, PTGES3, PTGIS, PNPLA8 |
GO:0001517 | MF | N-acetylglucosamine 6-O-sulfotransferase activity | Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate. |
CHST3, CHST4, CHST5, CHST6, CHST7, CHST2 |
GO:0001518 | CC | voltage-gated sodium channel complex | A sodium channel in a cell membrane whose opening is governed by the membrane potential. |
SCN9A |
GO:0001519 | BP | peptide amidation | The posttranslational conversion of C-terminal glycine-extended peptides to C-terminal alpha-amidated peptides. Occurs to over half of all peptide hormones to give bioactive peptides. This is a two step process catalyzed by a peptidyl-glycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase and a peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase. In some organisms, this process is catalyzed by two separate enzymes, whereas in higher organisms, one polypeptide catalyzes both reactions. |
PAM, PGLYRP2 |
GO:0001520 | CC | outer dense fiber | A supramolecular fiber found in the flagella of mammalian sperm that surrounds the nine microtubule doublets. These dense fibers are stiff and noncontractile. In human, they consist of about 10 major and at least 15 minor proteins, where all major proteins are ODF1, ODF2 or ODF2-related proteins. |
AK1, ODF2, RSPH1 |
GO:0001522 | BP | pseudouridine synthesis | The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine within an RNA molecule. This posttranscriptional base modification occurs in tRNA, rRNA, and snRNAs. |
NAF1, PUS7, NOP10 |
GO:0001523 | BP | retinoid metabolic process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving retinoids, any member of a class of isoprenoids that contain or are derived from four prenyl groups linked head-to-tail. Retinoids include retinol and retinal and structurally similar natural derivatives or synthetic compounds, but need not have vitamin A activity. |
SDC3, GPC4, DHRS3, APOA1, APOE, APOA2, APOC3, RBP4, TTR, OPN1SW, APOB, LPL, RBP1, SDC1, SDC4, SDC2, GPC1, ADH7, AKR1C3, HSPG2, LRP2, AKR1C1, NAPEPLD, CYP4V2, RDH10, GPC2, RDH11, RARRES2, GPC6 |
GO:0001525 | BP | angiogenesis | Blood vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing blood vessels. |
MEIS1, KRIT1, NRP1, EREG, ANGPT2, HOXA3, TBX1, HS6ST1, NRP2, SRPX2, RAMP1, PDCD6, FGF18, TSPAN12, FN1, ANG, PDGFA, APOD, SERPINE1, JUN, GPI, ITGAV, ANXA2, MMP2, COL4A2, ITGA5, HMOX1, CXCL8, FGFR1, CCL2, SCG2, VEGFA, PRKCA, TAL1, XBP1, TYMP, EFNA1, S1PR1, SAT1, FGFR2, PTPRB, COL8A2, CTGF, EPHB2, NOS3, S100A7, FGF9, PTGS2, RORA, MYH9, TIE1, GJA5, COL15A1, COL18A1, ID1, LEP, ELK3, PIK3CA, MCAM, SYK, LEPR, PIK3CG, PGF, VEGFB, VEGFC, MMP14, PLCD1, PRKX, EPHB4, EPHB1, PTEN, TGFB2, RHOB, ADAM8, SRPK2, JAG1, HSPG2, TEK, CAV1, TNFAIP2, PTK2, MFGE8, PDE3B, IL18, VEZF1, PRKD1, SHB, TGFBI, MAPK14, HIF1A, CYP1B1, CSPG4, ARHGAP22, TMPRSS6, UNC5B, ARHGAP24, AGGF1, NDNF, STAB2, NRCAM, MYDGF, APOLD1, NOX5, MMP19, EPAS1, CIB1, PDCD10, HTATIP2, JAM3, NAA15, PRKD2, PDCL3, SEMA4A, FZD8, SOX17, TNFRSF12A, ESM1, DLL4, ERAP1, VAV3, THSD7A, HIF3A, PLXND1, HEY1, ADGRG1, WASF2 |
GO:0001527 | CC | microfibril | Extracellular matrix components occurring independently or along with elastin. Thought to have force-bearing functions in tendon. In addition to fibrillins, microfibrils may contain other associated proteins. |
FBN1, FBN2, MFAP2, MFAP5, LTBP1, THSD4, ADAMTS10 |
GO:0001530 | MF | lipopolysaccharide binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with lipopolysaccharide. |
TLR4, TLR2, CD14, HMGB1, HSPD1, PTAFR, PSMB4, CD6, SCARB1, SPON2 |
GO:0001533 | CC | cornified envelope | A type of plasma membrane that has been modified through addition of distinct intracellular and extracellular components, including ceramide, found in cornifying epithelial cells (corneocytes). |
CSTA, ANXA1, DSP, SPRR2B, KAZN, SPRR2G, SPRR3 |
GO:0001534 | CC | radial spoke | Protein complex that links the outer microtubule doublet of the ciliary or flagellum axoneme with the sheath that surrounds the central pair of microtubules. Composed of a stalk that attaches to each doublet microtubule and a globular structure (spoke head) that projects toward the central pair of microtubules. |
RSPH4A, C6orf165 |
GO:0001537 | MF | N-acetylgalactosamine 4-O-sulfotransferase activity | Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + N-acetyl-D-galactosamine = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate. |
CHST11 |
GO:0001540 | MF | beta-amyloid binding | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with beta-amyloid peptide/protein and/or its precursor. |
GSAP, APBB1, ITM2A, CLSTN1, APBB3, CST3, APOA1, APOE, CD74, IDE, CHRNA7, TGFB2, APBA1, MAPK8IP2, LDLRAP1, SORL1, APBB2, GPRASP2, TM2D1, ITM2B |
GO:0001541 | BP | ovarian follicle development | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ovarian follicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. |
FANCG, BMP15, ANG, INHA, ICAM1, INHBA, INHBB, BCL2, KIT, VEGFA, CEBPB, KITLG, CTNNA1, MMP14, FOXL2, BAX, FOXC1, EIF2B5, SMAD4, MMP19, EIF2B4, KMT2B, PCYT1B |
GO:0001542 | BP | ovulation from ovarian follicle | The process leading to the rupture of the follicle, releasing the centrally located oocyte into the oviduct. An example of this is found in Mus musculus. |
FOXO3, NOS3, LEP, MMP19, ADAMTS1 |
GO:0001543 | BP | ovarian follicle rupture | Disruption of theca cell layer releasing follicular fluid and/or the oocyte. |
NRIP1 |
GO:0001544 | BP | initiation of primordial ovarian follicle growth | Increase in size of primordial follicles including proliferation and shape changes of granulosa and/or theca cells until oocyte is surrounded by one layer of cuboidal shaped granulosa cells (primary follicle). |
FOXO3 |
GO:0001545 | BP | primary ovarian follicle growth | Increase in size of primary follicles including oocyte growth and granulosa and/or theca cell proliferation until more than one layer of granulosa cells is present (preantral follicle). |
FSHR |
GO:0001546 | BP | preantral ovarian follicle growth | Increase in size of follicles surrounded by two or more layers of granulosa cells up to the onset of antrum formation. |
AMH |
GO:0001547 | BP | antral ovarian follicle growth | Increase in size of antral follicles due to cell proliferation and/or growth of the antral cavity. |
FOXO3, ESR1 |
GO:0001550 | BP | ovarian cumulus expansion | Increase in size of the cumulus surrounding the oocyte including change in morphology due to proliferation and dispersion of cumulus cells. |
EREG |
GO:0001553 | BP | luteinization | The set of processes resulting in differentiation of theca and granulosa cells into luteal cells and in the formation of a corpus luteum after ovulation. |
PDGFRA, STAT5B |
GO:0001554 | BP | luteolysis | The lysis or structural demise of the corpus luteum. During normal luteolysis, two closely related events occur. First, there is loss of the capacity to synthesize and secrete progesterone (functional luteolysis) followed by loss of the cells that comprise the corpus luteum (structural luteolysis). Preventing luteolysis is crucial to maintain pregnancy. |
MMP19 |
GO:0001555 | BP | oocyte growth | The developmental growth process in which an oocyte irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present. |
GDF9, FOXL2 |
GO:0001556 | BP | oocyte maturation | A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an oocyte to attain its fully functional state. Oocyte maturation commences after reinitiation of meiosis commonly starting with germinal vesicle breakdown, and continues up to the second meiotic arrest prior to fertilization. |
EREG, FOXO3, ANG, CCNB1, CDC25B, BRCA2, PDE3A, RPS6KA2, TRIP13, PABPC1L, FBXO5 |
GO:0001558 | BP | regulation of cell growth | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth. |
EBAG9, CYR61, SOCS2, WISP2, URI1, CLSTN1, WISP1, AGT, RB1, IGFBP3, IGFBP2, CDK11B, IGFBP4, IGFBP6, IGFBP5, CTGF, AGTR1, HTRA3, PRKCQ, DDR1, CAMK2D, KIF14, STK11, IGFBP7, TMEM97, RASGRP2, NET1, NANOS1, BAP1, HTRA1, SGK3, KAZALD1, ITCH, BLZF1, WFDC1, CD320, ESM1, IL17RB, CRIM1, TAOK2, CDK11A, EPB41L3 |
GO:0001561 | BP | fatty acid alpha-oxidation | A metabolic pathway by which 3-methyl branched fatty acids are degraded. These compounds are not degraded by the normal peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway, because the 3-methyl blocks the dehydrogenation of the hydroxyl group by hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. The 3-methyl branched fatty acid is converted in several steps to pristenic acid, which can then feed into the beta-oxidative pathway. |
SLC27A2, SLC25A17, ALDH3A2 |
GO:0001562 | BP | response to protozoan | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a protozoan. |
VTCN1 |
GO:0001567 | MF | cholesterol 25-hydroxylase activity | Catalysis of the reaction: AH(2) + cholesterol + O(2) = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H(2)O. |
CH25H, CYP2C9 |
GO:0001568 | BP | blood vessel development | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood. |
PLPP3, TBX1, ALDH1A2, COL1A1, COL1A2, COL5A1, AHR, TGFBR2, CRKL, PSEN1, MDM2, MEF2C, FOXO1, RAPGEF1, MIB1, TCF7L2, SPHK1, DHCR7 |
GO:0001569 | BP | patterning of blood vessels | The process that regulates the coordinated growth and sprouting of blood vessels giving rise to the organized vascular system. |
NRP1, SEMA3E, EDN1, VEGFA, EDNRA, CTNNB1, TGFBR2, ACVR1, STK4, NFATC4, RBM15, PITX2, DLL4, PLXND1 |
GO:0001570 | BP | vasculogenesis | The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells during blood vessel development, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes. |
TGFB1, VEGFA, JUNB, TNNI3, WT1, RASA1, ADM, TIE1, GJC1, TGFBR2, YAP1, HHEX, CAV1, PTK2, ZFP36L1, MYO1E, CUL7, TEAD2, NTRK2, AMOT, AGGF1, HDAC7, ZFPM2, HAS2, GLMN, QKI, PITX2, CITED1, CCM2, SOX17, HEG1, ZMIZ1, FZD4 |
GO:0001573 | BP | ganglioside metabolic process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving ceramide oligosaccharides carrying in addition to other sugar residues, one or more sialic acid residues. |
ITGB8, CLN6 |
GO:0001574 | BP | ganglioside biosynthetic process | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ceramide oligosaccharides carrying in addition to other sugar residues, one or more sialic acid residues. |
ST8SIA6, ST3GAL1, ST3GAL3, ST3GAL4, ST3GAL2, ST8SIA4, ST6GALNAC5, ST6GALNAC4, ST6GALNAC2, ST3GAL6 |
GO:0001575 | BP | globoside metabolic process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving globosides, globotetraosylceramides, ceramides containing a core structure of GalNAc-beta-(1->3)-Gal-alpha-(1->4)-Glc(I). Globosides are the major neutral glycosphingolipid in normal kidneys and erythrocytes. |
CLN3 |
GO:0001578 | BP | microtubule bundle formation | A process that results in a parallel arrangement of microtubules. |
PRC1, ZNF207, TPPP, KIF20A, MAP2, CLIP1, MAP1B, PLK1, PSRC1, NAV1, MARK4, CHP1, SPAST |
GO:0001579 | BP | medium-chain fatty acid transport | The directed movement of medium-chain fatty acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A medium-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with a chain length of between C6 and C12. |
SLC27A4, SLC27A1 |
GO:0001580 | BP | detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste | The series of events required for a bitter taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal. |
CST2, AZGP1 |
GO:0001587 | MF | Gq/11-coupled serotonin receptor activity | Combining with serotonin and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activation of the Gq/11 subunit of an associated cytoplasmic heterotrimeric G protein complex. The Gq/11 subunit subsequently activates phospholipase C and results in an increase in inositol triphosphate (IP3) levels. |
HTR2C |
GO:0001591 | MF | dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity, coupled via Gi/Go | Combining with the neurotransmitter dopamine and activating adenylate cyclase via coupling to Gi/Go to initiate a change in cell activity. |
DRD2 |
GO:0001596 | MF | angiotensin type I receptor activity | An angiotensin receptor activity that acts via Gq-mediated activation of phospholipase C followed by phosphoinositide hydrolysis and Ca2+ signaling, and may act via additional signaling mechanisms. |
AGTR1 |